# All Questions

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### A book that cover both theory and practice for an engineer

This might be a boring question. After reading many Quora questions about this matter it seems that books on AI/ML are too deep or too theoretical. They can be books for people who only talk about AI ...
12 views

### Difference between state, model, and environment in reinforcement learning

In particular I would like to have a simple definition of environment and state.what are the differences between those two concepts? Also I would like to know how the concept of model relates to the ...
36 views

### What do we mean when we say 'intelligence'?

My question is that when we talk about artificial intelligence, human intelligence or any other form of intelligence, what do we mean by the term intelligence in a general sense? I mean what would ...
13 views

### How to use Cross Entropy loss in pytorch for binary prediction? [migrated]

In the pytorch docs, it says for cross entropy loss: input has to be a Tensor of size (minibatch, C) Does this mean that for binary (0,1) prediction, the input must be converted into an (N,2) ...
12 views

### Are there any discount-factors based on branching factors?

I recently came across this function: $$\sum_{t = 0}^{\infty} \gamma^t R_t.$$ It's elegant and looks to be useful in the type of deterministic, perfect-information, finite models I'm working with. ...
22 views

### What kinds of problems can AI solve _without_ using a deep neural network?

A lot of questions on this site seem to be asking "can I use X to solve Y?", where X is usually a deep neural network, and Y is often something already addressed by other areas of AI that are less ...
36 views

### More effective way to improve the heuristics of an AI… evolution or testing between thousands of pre-determined sets of heuristics?

I'm making a Connect Four game where my engine uses Minimax with Alpha-Beta pruning to search. Since Alpha-Beta pruning is much more effective when it looks at the best moves first (since then it can ...
34 views

### Is Nassim Taleb right about AI not being able to accurately predict certain types of distributions?

So Taleb has two heuristics to generally describe data distributions. One is Mediocristan, which basically means things that are on a Gaussian distribution such as height and/or weight of people. The ...
22 views

### Why do we need Upsampling and Downsampling in Progressive Growing of Gans

I was working recently on Progressive Growing of GANs (aka PGGANs). I have implemented the whole architecture, but the problem that was ticking my mind is that in simple GANs, like DCGAN, PIX2PIX, we ...
49 views

### How can I train model to extract custom entities from text?

I have a 100-150 words text and I want to extract particular information like location, product type, dates, specifications and price. Suppose if I arrange a training data which has a text as input ...
44 views

### Can you teach an AI through sentences?

If you taught an AI to understand sentences through usual neural network techniques. Then could you being to teach it things with sentences such as "ants are small", "the sky is blue". i.e. if you ...
19 views

### How does the target output of a Single Shot Detector (SSD) look like?

According to the paper SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector, for each cell in a feature map k boxes are acquired and for each box we get $c$ class scores and $4$ offsets relative to the original default ...
23 views

### Genetic Algorithms: Trade-off between time and variance with regards to fitness function

I'm developing an AI to play a card game with a genetic algorithm. Initially, I will evaluate it against a player that plays randomly, so there will naturally be a lot of variance in the results. I ...
34 views

### If the Turing Test is passed, does this imply that computers exhibit intelligence?

Turing Test was created to test machines exhibiting behavior equivalent or indistinguishable from that of a human. Is that the sufficient condition of intelligence?
28 views

### Does Monte Carlo Search (specifically used by AlphaZero) Qualify as Machine Learning?

To the best of my understanding, Monte Carlo Search is an alternative method to Minimax for searching a tree of nodes. It works by choosing a move (generally the one with the highest chance of being ...
92 views

### Is the discount not needed in a deterministic environment for Reinforcement Learning?

I'm now reading a book titled as "Deep Reinforcement Learning Hands-On" and the author said the following on the chapter about AlphaGo Zero: Self-play In AlphaGo Zero, the NN is used to ...
96 views

### Is a Multilayer Perceptron a recursive function?

I read somewhere that a Multilayer Perceptron is a recursive function in its forward propagation phase. I am not sure, what is the recursive part? For me, I would see a MLP as a chained function. So, ...
91 views

### Self-conscious artifical intelligence

How important is self-consciousness (or consciousness in general) for making advanced AIs, and how far away are we from making such? When making e.g. a neural network there's (very probably) no ...
18 views

### Invalid Argument Error when running simple Convolutional Neural Network [migrated]

I am running a convolutional neural network with CSV files as training and test input. I am getting a strange error that I cannot solve. ...
32 views

### K-means using only certain dataframe columns

I'm using the k-means algorithm from the scikit-learn library, and the values I want to cluster are in a pandas dataframe with 3 columns: ID ...
45 views

### What does it mean for a neuron in a neural network to be activated?

I just stumbled upon the concept of neuron coverage, which is the ratio of activated neurons and total neurons in a neural network. But what does it mean for a neuron to be "activated"? I know what ...
1k views

### Keeping track of visited states in Breadth-first Search

So I was trying to implement BFS on a Sliding Blocks puzzle (number type). Now the main thing I noticed that is if you have a 4*4 board the number of states can be ...
12 views

### Using two generative adversarial nets to classify articles - what is a good approach?

I'm trying to create a deep learning network to classify news article based on the text and associated image. The idea comes from a novel use of GANs to classify based on generated data. My approach ...
50 views

### Training a CNN from scratch over COCO dataset

I am using Tensorflow Object Detection API for training a CNN from scratch on COCO dataset. I need to use this specific configuration. There is no pre-trained model on COCO with that configuration and ...
48 views

### Turing test vs machine learning

I am trying to understand if there is a fine line between Turing test and the development of Machine learning. Can we say as Turing test aims to develop machines or methods to reach human-level ...
42 views

### Is topological sophistication necessary to the furtherance of AI?

The current machine learning trend is interpreted by some who are new in the disciplines of AI as meaning that orthogonal structures like ANNs, CNNs, and RNNs can exhibit human intelligence. It is ...
41 views

### Loss function for Hierarchical Multi-label classification

I am looking to try different loss functions for a hierarchical multi-label classification problem. So far, I have been training different models or submodels like multilayer perceptron ( MLP )branch ...
325 views

### Do self-driving cars resort to randomness to make decisions?

I recently heard someone make a statement that when you're designing a self-driving car, you're not building a car but really a computerized driver, so you're trying to model a human mind -- at least ...
119 views

### How do you program fear into a neural network?

If you've been attacked by a spider once chances are you'll never go near a spider again. In a neural network model, having a bad experience with a spider will slightly decrease the probability you ...
40 views

### How to train a CNN

When it comes to CNNs, I don't understand 2 things in the training process: How do I pass the error back when there are pooling layers between the convolutional layers? And if I know how it's done, ...
33 views

### How can AI researchers avoid “overfitting” to commonly-used benchmarks as a community?

In fields such as Machine Learning, we typically (somewhat informally) say that we are overfitting if improve our performance on a training set at the cost of reduced performance on a test set / the ...
57 views

### How to generalise over multiple simultaneous dependent actions in Reinforcement Learning

I am trying to build an RL agent to price paid-for-seating on commercial flights. I should reiterate here - I am not talking about the price of the ticket - rather, I am talking about the pricing you ...
37 views
+50

### Testing of artificial network hardware acceleration — Any additions?

The Current Plan to Possibly be Augmented TranSeed Labs is testing two PCI express artificial network acceleration products and their SDKs against easy to assemble data sets and demos. Aaeon Up PER-...
34 views

### Backpropagation With Medium-sized Neural Networks

So, I've been wanting to make my own Neural Network in Python, in order to better understand how it works. I've been following this series of videos as a sort of guide, but it seems the ...
26 views

### How recurrent neural network work when predict many days?

I use recurrent neural network, RNNs have to get input one value per step and it will show one value output. If I have daily sale demand time series data. I want to predict sale demand for three ...
48 views

### Algorithm For Making Balanced Weapons In A Game?

I am trying to make balanced weapon pairs. So there are five stats per weapon, and I am simulating a number of combats (1000) with different stats randomized, and counting the win, lose, and draw of ...
105 views

### Is human-like intelligence the smart objective?

It appears to always have been the focus in the literature to approximate components of the human mind, assuming it to be the most advanced. If other animals came into the AI landscape, it was only ...
14 views

### Has anyone investigated iteration awareness beyond RNN and LSTM?

This question considers the convergence of an artificial networks (ANNs or variants that retain state) over time or over the course of epochs made up of iterations through training examples. In this ...
22 views

### How should continuous action/gesture recognition be performed differently than isolated action recognition

I am going to train a deep learning model to classify hand gestures in video. Since the person will be taking up nearly the entire width/height of the video and I will be classifying what hand gesture ...
41 views

### Is it necessarry to create theory/infrastructure to prevent people from creating AI incompatible with a safe model (if we create one)?

Nowadays we don't know how to create AI in a safe way (I think that we don't even know yet how to define a safe AI), but there is a lot of research in developing a model allowing it. Let's say, that ...
51 views

### Is there a database somewhere of common lists?

I'm looking for a database or some machine readable document that contains common ordered lists or common short sets. e.g: ...
66 views

### Mini-batch training and the gradient

I am reading a book that states, "As the mini-batch size increases, the gradient computed is closer to the 'true' gradient". So basically what they are saying is mini-batch training only focuses on ...
79 views

### In what ways is the term “topology” applied to Artificial Intelligence?

I have a only a general understanding of General Topology, and want to understand the scope of the term "topology" in relation to the field of Artificial Intelligence. In what ways are topological ...
31 views

### Using different timesteps for features and target value

I would like to know whether it's wrong; when working with time series data; to use daily prices as features and the price after 3 days as target. Is this correct or should I use the next-day price as ...
63 views

### How does rotating an image and adding new 'rotated classes' prevent overfitting?

From Meta-Learning with Memory-Augmented Neural Networks in section 4.1: To reduce the risk of overfitting, we performed data augmentation by randomly translating and rotating character images. ...
21 views

### How do I compute log-likelihood for training set in supervised learning?

I am building a supervised learning model and I wish to compute the log-likelihood for the training set at the point of the minimum validation error. Initially, I was computing the sum of all the ...
24 views

### Optimization step in Apprenticeship Learning via Inverse Reinforcement Learning

Why the optimization step of the algorithm a quadratic program? [See: Apprenticeship Learning via Inverse Reinforcement Learning; page 3] Isn't the objective function linear? Why don't we treat ...
64 views

### What is the best approach for writing a program to identify objects in a picture then crop them a specific way?

My works quality control department is responsible for taking pictures of our products at various phases through our QC process and currently the process goes: Take picture of product Crop the ...