# All Questions

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### Will parameter sweeping on one split of data followed by cross validation discover the right hyperparameters?

Let's call our dataset splits train/test/evaluate. We're in a situation where we require months of data. So we prefer to use the evaluation dataset as infrequently as possible to avoid polluting our ...
494 views

### Can some one help me understand this paragraph from Nvidia's progressive GAN paper?

Furthermore, we observe that mode collapses traditionally plaguing GANs tend to happen very quickly, over the course of a dozen mini-batches. Commonly they start when the discriminator overshoots, ...
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### What is the number of neurons required to approximate a polynomial of degree n?

I learned about the universal approximation theorem from this guide. It states that a network even with a single hidden layer can approximate any function within some bound, given a sufficient number ...
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### Extending FaceNet’s triplet loss to object recognition

FaceNet uses a novel loss metric (triplet loss) to train a model to output embeddings (128-D from the paper), such that any two faces of the same identity will have a small Euclidean distance, and ...
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### Why is my GAN more unstable with bigger networks?

I am working with generative adversarial networks (GANs) and one of my aims at the moment is to reproduce samples in two dimensions that are distributed according to a circle (see animation). When ...
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### Back-of-the-envelope machine learning (specifically neural networks) calculations

There is a popular story regarding the back-of-the-envelope calculation performed by a British physicist named G. I. Taylor. He used dimensional analysis to estimate the power released by the ...
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764 views

### Are Cellular Neural Networks one type of Neural Networks?

I am researching Cellular Neural Networks and have already read Chua's two articles (1988). In cellular neural networks, a cell is only in relation with its neighbors. So it is easy to use them for ...
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### How to deal with a small amount of labeled samples?

I'm trying to develop skills to deal with very small amounts of labeled samples (250 labeled/20000 total, 200 features) by practicing on Kaggle "Don't Overfit" dataset (Traget_Practice have ...
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### Why are documents kept separated when training a text classifier?

Most of the literature considers text classification as the classification of documents. When using the bag-of-words and Bayesian classification, they usually use the statistic TF-IDF, where TF ...
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### Validation accuracy higher than training accurarcy

I implemented the unet in TensorFlow for the segmentation of MRI images of the thigh. I noticed I always get a higher validation accuracy by a small gap, independently of the initial split. One ...
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### Is the Bellman equation that uses sampling weighted by the Q values (instead of max) a contraction?

It is proved that the Bellman update is a contraction (1). Here is the Bellman update that is used for Q-Learning: Q_{t+1}(s, a) = Q_{t}(s, a) + \alpha*(r(s, a, s') + \gamma \max_{a^*} (Q_{t}(s', ...
256 views

### How can I solve the zero subset sum problem with hill climbing?

I want to solve the zero subset sum problem with the hill-climbing algorithm, but I am not sure I found a good state space for this. Here is the problem: consider we have a set of numbers and we want ...
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76 views

### Normalizing Normal Distributions in Thompson Sampling for online Reinforcement Learning

In my implementation of Thompson Sampling (TS) for online Reinforcement Learning, my distribution for selecting $a$ is $\mathcal{N}(Q(s, a), \frac{1}{C(s,a)+1})$, where $C(s,a)$ is the number of times ...
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### What is the impact of using multiple BMUs for self-organizing maps?

Here's a sort of a conceptual question. I was implementing a SOM algorithm to better understand its variations and parameters. I got curious about one bit: the BMU (best matching unit == the neuron ...
104 views

### How does the network know which objects to track in the paper "Label-Free Supervision of Neural Networks with Physics and Domain Knowledge"?

I was reading the paper Label-Free Supervision of Neural Networks with Physics and Domain Knowledge, published at AAAI 2017, which won the best paper award. I understand the math and it makes sense. ...
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222 views

### Why do layered neural nets struggle with continous data?

In this article here, the writer claims that a new type of neural net is required to deal with data that is both continuous, and also sparsely sampled. It was my understanding that this was the ...
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1k views

### Is there a difference in the architecture of deep reinforcement learning when multiple actions are performed instead of a single action?

I've built a deep deterministic policy gradient reinforcement learning agent to be able to handle any games/tasks that have only one action. However, the agent seems to fail horribly when there are ...
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### How can a neural network distinguish a rotated 6 and 9 digits?

Rotated MNIST is a popular dataset for benchmarking models equivariant to rotations on $\mathbb{R}^2$, described by $SO(2)$ group or its discrete subgroups like $\mathbb{Z}^{n}$: Group equivariant ...
263 views

### What are the state-of-the-art results in OpenAI's gym environments?

What are the state-of-the-art results in OpenAI's gym environments? Is there a link to a paper/article that describes them and how these SOTA results were calculated?
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### Are there transformer-based architectures that can produce fixed-length vector encodings given arbitrary-length text documents?

BERT encodes a piece of text such that each token (usually words) in the input text map to a vector in the encoding of the text. However, this makes the length of the encoding vary as a function of ...
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### Can training a model on a dataset composed by real images and drawings hurt the training process of a real-world application model?

I'm training a multi-label classifier that's supposed to be tested on underwater images. I'm wondering if feeding the model drawings of a certain class plus real images can affect the results badly. ...
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### How could an AI detect whether an enemy in a game can be blocked off/trapped?

Imagine a game played on a 10x10 grid system where a player can move up down left or right and imagine there are two players on this grid: An enemy and you. In this game, there are walls on the grid ...
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100 views

### How do neural network topologies affect GPU/TPU acceleration?

I was thinking about different neural network topologies for some applications. However, I am not sure how this would affect the efficiency of hardware acceleration using GPU/TPU/some other chip. If, ...
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315 views

### An intuitive explanation of Adagrad, its purpose and its formula

It (Adagrad) adapts the learning rate to the parameters, performing smaller updates (i.e. low learning rates) for parameters associated with frequently occurring features, and larger updates (i.e. ...
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289 views

### Why don't people use nonlinear activation functions after projecting the query key value in attention?

Why don't people use nonlinear activation functions after projecting the query key value in attention? It seems like doing this would lead to much-needed nonlinearity, otherwise, we're just doing ...
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### What are the main benefits of using Bayesian networks?

I have some trouble understanding the benefits of Bayesian networks. Am I correct that the key benefit of the network is that one does not need to use the chain rule of probability in order to ...
94 views

### What are the current trends/open questions in logics for knowledge representation?

What are the future prospects in near future from a theoretical investigation of description logics, and modal logics in the context of artificial intelligence research?
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### Does it make sense to use batch normalization in deep (stacked) or sparse auto-encoders?

Does it make sense to use batch normalization in deep (stacked) or sparse auto-encoders? I cannot find any resources for that. Is it safe to assume that, since it works for other DNNs, it will also ...
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### Which neural networks are suitable for visual place recognition?

I am doing a project on visual place recognition in changing environments. The CNN used here is mostly AlexNet, and a feature vector is constructed from layer 3. Does anyone know of similar work ...
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### Is there a venue to publish negative results in AI/ML domain?

Negative results occur frequently in AI/ML research (and perhaps in other domains too). Most of the time, these results are not published. This is mostly because your typical AI/ML conference doesn't ...
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### What evaluation metric are used for sequence-to-sequence prediction problems?

I am solving many sequence-to-sequence prediction problems using RNN/LSTM. What type of evaluation metrics can be used for sequence prediction problems? One metric is the mean squared error (MSE) ...
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431 views

### How is the rollout from the MCTS implemented in both of the AlphaGo Zero and the AlphaZero algorithms?

In the vanilla Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) implementation, the rollout is usually implemented following a uniform random policy, that is, it takes random actions until the game is finished and only ...
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### How do big companies, like Facebook, model individuals and their interaction?

As a layman in AI, I want to get an idea of how big data players, like Facebook, model individuals (of which they have so many data). There are two scenarios I can imagine: Neural networks build ...
63 views

### What is meant by "model discriminability for local patches within the receptive field"?

In the abstract of the paper Network In Network, the authors write We propose a novel deep network structure called "Network In Network"(NIN) to enhance model discriminability for local ...
309 views

### What are the ways to calculate the error rate of a deep Convolutional Neural Network, when the network produces different results using the same data?

I am new to the object recognition community. Here I am asking about the broadly accepted ways to calculate the error rate of a deep CNN when the network produces different results using the same data....
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### Speciation in NEAT - Advantages of keeping stable number of species

I found several methods for setting the compatibility distance in NEAT: some normalize it, some don't, some automatically adjust it. In a few tests I am running, using normalized static compatibility ...
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### Is a mathematical formula a form of intelligence?

Warning: This question takes us into VALIS territory, but I wouldn't underestimate the profundity of that particular philosopher. There is a non-AI definition of intelligence which is simply "...
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