42
votes
What is the difference between a convolutional neural network and a regular neural network?
TLDR:
The convolutional-neural-network is a subclass of neural-networks which have at least one convolution layer. They are great for capturing local information (e.g. neighbor pixels in an image or ...
39
votes
Accepted
What is the difference between strong-AI and weak-AI?
The terms strong and weak don't actually refer to processing, or optimization power, or any interpretation leading to "strong AI" being stronger than "weak AI". It holds conveniently in practice, but ...
- 566
36
votes
Accepted
What is the credit assignment problem?
In reinforcement learning (RL), an agent interacts with an environment in time steps. On each time step, the agent takes an action in a certain state and the environment emits a percept or perception, ...
- 39.7k
28
votes
Accepted
What are the minimum requirements to call something AI?
It's true that the term has become a buzzword, and is now widely used to a point of confusion - however if you look at the definition provided by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, they write it as ...
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25
votes
Accepted
What is the concept of the technological singularity?
The technological singularity is a theoretical point in time at which a self-improving artificial general intelligence becomes able to understand and manipulate concepts outside of the human brain's ...
- 768
25
votes
Accepted
Why can't OCR be perceived as a good example of AI?
Whenever a problem becomes solvable by a computer, people start arguing that it does not require intelligence. John McCarthy is often quoted: "As soon as it works, no one calls it AI anymore" (...
25
votes
Accepted
What is the idea called involving an AI that will eventually rule humanity?
If I'm not mistaken you're looking for Roko's Basilisk,
in which an otherwise benevolent future AI system tortures simulations of those who did not work to bring the system into existence
- 436
22
votes
Accepted
Are search engines considered AI?
I believe it would be more accurate to say that (some) search engines use AI. Broadly saying "search engines are AI" is not really correct. At the core, most search engines are nothing more than an ...
- 3,757
19
votes
What is the difference between a convolutional neural network and a regular neural network?
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are neural networks with architectural constraints to reduce computational complexity and ensure translational invariance (the network interprets input patterns ...
- 353
19
votes
What is the difference between tree search and graph search?
There is always a lot of confusion about this concept, because the naming is misleading, given that both tree and graph searches produce a tree (from which you can derive a path) while exploring the ...
19
votes
What is geometric deep learning?
To complete the first answer that is rather graph oriented, I will write a little about deep learning on manifolds, which is quite general in terms of GDL thanks to the nature of manifolds.
Note ...
- 301
16
votes
Why can't OCR be perceived as a good example of AI?
Although OCR is now a mainstream technology, it remains true that none our methods genuinely have the recognition facilities of a 5 year old (claimed success with CAPTCHAs notwithstanding). We don't ...
- 7,226
16
votes
Accepted
What is non-Euclidean data?
I presume this question was prompted by the paper Geometric deep learning:
going beyond Euclidean data (2017). If we look at its abstract:
Many scientific fields study data with an underlying ...
- 1,011
15
votes
Accepted
What is "backprop"?
"Backprop" is the same as "backpropagation": it's just a shorter way to say it. It is sometimes abbreviated as "BP".
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14
votes
Accepted
Is AlphaZero an example of an AGI?
Good question!
AlphaZero, though a major milestone, is most definitely not an AGI :)
AlphaGo, though strong at the game of Go, is narrowly strong ("strong-narrow AI"), defined as strength in a ...
- 6,237
12
votes
Accepted
What is a deep neural network?
A deep neural network (DNN) is nothing but a neural network which has multiple layers, where multiple can be subjective.
IMHO, any network which has 6 or 7 or more layers is considered deep. So, the ...
- 1,371
11
votes
What is the definition of "soft label" and "hard label"?
According to Galstyan and Cohen (2007), a hard label is a label assigned to a member of a class where membership is binary: either the element in question is a member of the class (has the label), or ...
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11
votes
What is a recurrent neural network?
A recurrent neural network (RNN) is an artificial neural network that contains backward or self-connections, as opposed to just having forward connections, like in a feed-forward neural network (FFNN)....
- 39.7k
10
votes
What is "backprop"?
'Backprop' is short for 'backpropagation of error' in order to avoid confusion when using backpropagation term.
Basically backpropagation refers to the method for computing the gradient of the case-...
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10
votes
What are bottleneck features?
In the blog post Building powerful image classification models using very little data, bottleneck features are mentioned. What are the bottleneck features?
It's clearly written in the link you gave ...
- 341
10
votes
Accepted
What are some examples of intelligent agents for each intelligent agent class?
There are no distinguishable hardware examples for each IA class. The same mobile robot architecture with proper sensors can be implemented to behave as any IA class. The way you can determine the ...
- 146
10
votes
What is non-Euclidean data?
Non-Euclidian geometry can be generally boiled down to the phrase
the shortest path between 2 points isn't necessarily a straight line.
Or, put in a way that lends itself very much to machine ...
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10
votes
What is the idea called involving an AI that will eventually rule humanity?
I believe the term you are looking for is "(technological) singularity".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_singularity
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9
votes
What is the difference between strong-AI and weak-AI?
In contrast to the philosophical definitions, which rely on terms like "mind" and "think," there are also definitions that hinge on observables.
That is, a Strong AI is an AI that understands itself ...
- 4,262
9
votes
Accepted
Does the recent advent of a Go playing computer represent Artificial Intelligence?
There are at least two questions in your question:
What are some of the methods used to program the successful go playing program?
and
Are those methods considered to be artificial ...
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9
votes
Is Q-learning a type of model-based RL?
Tabular Q-Learning does not explicitly create a model of the transition function. It does not generate any output that you can afterwards use as a function to predict what the next state s' will be ...
- 10.1k
9
votes
Accepted
Do we have to use CNN for Deep Q Learning?
No. DQN and other deep RL methods work well with fully connected layers. Here's an implementation of DQN which doesn't use CNNs: github.com/keon/deep-q-learning/blob/master/dqn.py
DeepMind mostly use ...
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9
votes
Accepted
What is a recurrent neural network?
Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a class of artificial neural network
architecture inspired by the cyclical connectivity of neurons in the brain. It uses iterative function loops to store ...
- 699
9
votes
Accepted
What are the differences between an agent and a model?
Agent
The other answer defines an agent as a policy (as it's defined in reinforcement learning). However, although this definition is fine for most current purposes, given that currently agents are ...
- 39.7k
Only top scored, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible